library(plotly)

\(\color{darkblue}{\textbf{Basic Charts}}\)

---

\(\color{dodgerblue}{\textbf{Scatter Plots}}\)

\(\color{skyblue}{\textrm{- Basic}}\)

colors <- c("firebrick", "darkorange", "forestgreen",
            "royalblue", "darkorchid")

fig <- plot_ly(data = data_07,
               x = ~gdpPercap)

fig <- fig %>% 
  add_trace(type = "scatter",
            mode = "markers",
            y = ~lifeExp,
            color = ~continent,
            colors = colors,
            marker = list(size = 10,
                          opacity = 0.8,
                          line = list(color = "black",
                                      width = 1)),
            text = ~paste("Country: ", country, 
                          "\nContinent:", continent,
                          "\nLife Expectancy:", lifeExp,
                          "\nGDP Per Capita:", scales::dollar(gdpPercap)),
            hoverinfo = "text")

fig <- fig %>% 
  layout(title = "Relationship Between Economic Development\nand Life Exepctancy (2007)",
         yaxis = list(title = "Life Exepctancy",
                      zeroline = FALSE,
                      showline = TRUE),
         xaxis = list(title = "GDP Per Capita (USD)",
                      zeroline = FALSE,
                      showline = TRUE))

fig

---

\(\color{dodgerblue}{\textbf{Line Graphs}}\)

\(\color{skyblue}{\textrm{- Basic}}\)

fig <- plot_ly(data = data_multi,
               x = ~year)

fig <- fig %>% 
  add_trace(type = "scatter",
            mode = "lines",
            y = ~mean_lifeExp,
            name = "Mean",
            line = list(color = "rgba(51, 0, 51, .8)",
                        width = 2),
            text = ~paste("Mean: ", round(mean_lifeExp, 1)),
            hoverinfo = "text")

fig <- fig %>% 
  add_trace(type = "scatter",
            mode = "lines",
            y = ~max_lifeExp,
            name = "Maximum",
            line = list(color = "rgba(0, 0, 51, .8)",
                        width = 2,
                        dash = "dash"),
            text = ~paste("Maximum: ", round(max_lifeExp, 1)),
            hoverinfo = "text")

fig <- fig %>% 
  add_trace(type = "scatter",
            mode = "lines+markers",
            y = ~min_lifeExp,
            name = "Minimum",
            line = list(color = "rgba(0, 153, 76, .6)",
                        width = 2),
            marker = list(size = 10,
                          color = "rgba(0, 153, 76, .6)",
                          line = list(color = "rgba(0, 102, 0, .8)",
                                      width = 1)),
            text = ~paste("Minimum: ", round(min_lifeExp, 1)),
            hoverinfo = "text")
            

fig <- fig %>% 
  layout(title = "Life Expectancy Over Time",
         yaxis = list(title = "Life Exepctancy",
                      zeroline = FALSE,
                      showline = TRUE),
         xaxis = list(title = "",
                      zeroline = FALSE,
                      showline = TRUE),
         hovermode = "x unified")

fig

\(\color{skyblue}{\textrm{- Area}}\)

fig <- plot_ly(data = data_means,
               x = ~year)

fig <- fig %>% 
  add_trace(type = "scatter",
            mode = "lines",
            y = ~mean_lifeExp + sd_lifeExp,
            line = list(color = 'transparent'),
            showlegend = FALSE,
            hoverinfo = "skip")

fig <- fig %>% 
  add_trace(type = "scatter",
            mode = "lines",
            y = ~mean_lifeExp - sd_lifeExp,
            fill = 'tonexty', 
            fillcolor = 'rgba(0, 100, 80, 0.2)', 
            line = list(color = 'transparent'),
            showlegend = FALSE,
            hoverinfo = "skip")

fig <- fig %>% 
  add_trace(type = "scatter",
            mode = "lines", 
            y = ~mean_lifeExp,
            line = list(color='rgb(0, 100, 80)'),
            name = "Average") 


fig <- fig %>% 
  layout(title = "Life Expectancy Over Time",
         yaxis = list(title = "Life Exepctancy",
                      zeroline = FALSE,
                      showline = TRUE),
         xaxis = list(title = "",
                      zeroline = FALSE,
                      showline = TRUE))

fig

---

\(\color{dodgerblue}{\textbf{Bar Graphs}}\)

\(\color{skyblue}{\textrm{- Basic}}\)

fig <- plot_ly(data = data_means,
               type = "bar",
               x = ~year,
               y = ~mean_lifeExp,
               marker = list(color = "firebrick",
                             opacity = 0.8,
                             line = list(color = "black", width = 1)),
               text = ~paste("The mean worldwide life expectancy in", year, 
                             "was", round(mean_lifeExp, 2), "years"), 
               hoverinfo = "text")

fig <- fig %>% 
  layout(title = "Life Expectancy Over Time",
         yaxis = list(title = "Life Exepctancy",
                      zeroline = FALSE,
                      showline = TRUE),
         xaxis = list(title = "Year",
                      zeroline = FALSE,
                      showline = TRUE))

fig

\(\color{skyblue}{\textrm{- Grouped}}\)

fig <- plot_ly(data = data_means_cont,
               type = "bar",
               x = ~continent,
               y = ~`1952`,
               name = "1952 Avg",
               marker = list(color = "firebrick",
                             opacity = 0.8,
                             line = list(color = "black", width = 1)),
               text = ~paste("In 1952 the life expectancy in", continent, 
                             "was", round(`1952`, 2), "years"),
               hoverinfo = "text")

fig <- fig %>% 
  add_trace(y = ~`1972`,
            name = "1972 Avg",
            marker = list(color = "forestgreen"),
            text = ~paste("In 1972 the life expectancy in", continent, 
                          "was", round(`1972`, 2), "years"), 
            hoverinfo = "text")

fig <- fig %>% 
  add_trace(y = ~`1992`,
            name = "1992 Avg",
            marker = list(color = "royalblue"),
            text = ~paste("In 1992 the life expectancy in", continent, 
                          "was", round(`1992`, 2), "years"), 
            hoverinfo = "text")

fig <- fig %>% 
  layout(title = "Life Expectancy Over Time",
         yaxis = list(title = "Life Exepctancy",
                      zeroline = FALSE,
                      showline = TRUE),
         xaxis = list(title = "",
                      zeroline = FALSE,
                      showline = TRUE))

fig

\(\color{skyblue}{\textrm{- Stacked}}\)

fig <- plot_ly(data = data_pop,
               type = "bar",
               x = ~year,
               y = ~Asia,
               name = "Asia",
               marker = list(color = 'rgba(204,0,0,0.6)',
                             line = list(color = 'rgb(204,0,0)', width = 1.5)),
               text = ~paste("Continent: Asia",
                             "\nPopulation: ", scales::comma(Asia)),
               hoverinfo = "text")

fig <- fig %>% 
  add_trace(y = ~Africa,
            name = "Africa",
            marker = list(color = 'rgba(255,128,0,0.6)',
                          line = list(color = 'rgb(204,128,0)', width = 1.5)),
            text = ~paste("Continent: Africa",
                          "\nPopulation: ", scales::comma(Africa)), 
            hoverinfo = "text")

fig <- fig %>% 
  add_trace(y = ~Americas,
            name = "Americas",
            marker = list(color = 'rgba(0,102,0,0.6)',
                          line = list(color = 'rgb(0,102,0)', width = 1.5)),
            text = ~paste("Continent: Americas",
                          "\nPopulation: ", scales::comma(Americas)), 
            hoverinfo = "text")

fig <- fig %>% 
  add_trace(y = ~Europe,
            name = "Europe",
            marker = list(color = 'rgba(0,51,102,0.6)',
                          line = list(color = 'rgb(0,51,102)', width = 1.5)),
            text = ~paste("Continent: Europe",
                          "\nPopulation: ", scales::comma(Europe)), 
            hoverinfo = "text")

fig <- fig %>% 
  add_trace(y = ~Oceania,
            name = "Oceania",
            marker = list(color = 'rgba(51,0,102,0.6)',
                          line = list(color = 'rgb(51,0,102)', width = 1.5)),
            text = ~paste("Continent: Oceania",
                          "\nPopulation: ", scales::comma(Oceania)), 
            hoverinfo = "text")

fig <- fig %>% 
  layout(title = "Population Over Time",
         yaxis = list(title = "Population",
                      zeroline = FALSE,
                      showline = TRUE),
         xaxis = list(title = "Year",
                      zeroline = FALSE,
                      showline = TRUE),
         barmode = "stack")

fig

---

\(\color{dodgerblue}{\textbf{Box Plots}}\)

\(\color{skyblue}{\textrm{- Basic}}\)

colors <- c("firebrick", "darkorange", "forestgreen",
            "royalblue", "darkorchid")

fig <- plot_ly(data = data_07,
               type = "box",
               quartilemethod = "exclusive",
               y = ~lifeExp,
               color = ~continent,
               colors = colors)

fig <- fig %>% 
  layout(title = "Life Expectancy, 2007",
         yaxis = list(title = "Life Expectancy",
                      zeroline = FALSE,
                      showline = TRUE),
         xaxis = list(title = "",
                      zeroline = FALSE,
                      showline = TRUE))

fig

\(\color{skyblue}{\textrm{- With Points}}\)

fig <- plot_ly(data = data_07,
               type = "box",
               boxpoints = "all",
               jitter = 0.3,
               pointpos = -1.8,
               quartilemethod = "exclusive",
               y = ~lifeExp,
               name = "Life expectancy",
               text = ~country)

fig <- fig %>% 
  layout(title = "Life Expectancy, 2007",
         yaxis = list(title = "Life Expectancy",
                      zeroline = FALSE,
                      showline = TRUE),
         xaxis = list(title = "",
                      zeroline = FALSE,
                      showline = TRUE))

fig

\(\color{darkblue}{\textbf{Fundamentals}}\)

---

\(\color{dodgerblue}{\textbf{Axes}}\)

\(\color{skyblue}{\textrm{- Default}}\)

\(\color{skyblue}{\textrm{- Basic Formatting}}\)

tickfont <- list(family = "Old Standard TT, serif",
                 size = 14,
                 color = "black")

axisfont <- list(family = "Arial, sans-serif",
                 size = 18,
                 color = "grey")

xaxis <- list(title = "",
              autotick = FALSE,
              tickfont = tickfont,
              tickangle = -45,
              ticks = "outside",
              range = c(1950, 2010),
              tick0 = 1952,
              dtick = 5,
              ticklen = 5,
              tickwidth = 2,
              tickcolor = toRGB("blue"),
              showline = TRUE,
              linecolor = toRGB("blue"),
              linewidth = 2)

yaxis <- list(title = "Life Exepctancy",
              titlefont = axisfont,
              autotick = FALSE,
              tickfont = tickfont,
              ticks = "outside",
              range = c(-10, 70),
              tick0 = -10, 
              dtick = 5,
              ticklen = 5,
              tickwidth = 2,
              tickcolor = toRGB("blue"),
              showline = TRUE,
              linecolor = toRGB("blue"),
              linewidth = 2,
              zeroline = TRUE,
              zerolinecolor = toRGB("black"),
              zerolinewidth = 1)

fig <- fig %>% 
  layout(xaxis = xaxis, 
         yaxis = yaxis)

fig

\(\color{skyblue}{\textrm{- Formatting Tick Labels}}\)

xaxis <- list(ticktext = list("Initial Measurement\n(1952)", 
                              "MMR Vaccine\n(1971)", 
                              "Most Recent\n(2007)"), 
              tickvals = list(1952, 1971, 2007),
              tickmode = "array")

yaxis <- list(tickformat = "%")

fig <- fig %>% 
  layout(xaxis = xaxis, 
         yaxis = yaxis)

fig

---

\(\color{dodgerblue}{\textbf{Legends}}\)

\(\color{skyblue}{\textrm{- Default}}\)

\(\color{skyblue}{\textrm{- Hiding}}\)

fig <- fig %>% 
  layout(showlegend = FALSE)

fig

\(\color{skyblue}{\textrm{- Hiding Elements}}\)

fig <- fig %>% 
  add_trace(y = ~`1992` * 1.05,
            name = "1997 Projection",
            text = ~paste("In 1997 the life expectancy in", continent, 
                          "could be", round(`1992` * 1.2, 2), "years"), 
            marker = list(color = "lightgray"),
            showlegend = FALSE)

fig

\(\color{skyblue}{\textrm{- Moving}}\)

fig <- fig %>% 
  layout(legend = list(orientation = 'h',
                       x = 0.25,
                       y = 1.02))

fig

---

\(\color{dodgerblue}{\textbf{Error Bars}}\)

fig <- plot_ly(data = data_multi,
               x = ~year)

fig <- fig %>% 
  add_trace(type = "scatter",
            mode = "lines+markers",
            y = ~mean_lifeExp,
            name = "Life Expectancy",
            line = list(color = "rgba(0, 153, 76, .6)",
                        width = 2),
            marker = list(size = 10,
                          color = "rgba(0, 153, 76, .6)",
                          line = list(color = "rgba(0, 102, 0, .8)",
                                      width = 1)),
            error_y = ~list(array = sd_lifeExp,
                            color = "gray"),
            text = ~paste("Mean: ", round(mean_lifeExp, 1),
                          "\nSD: ", round(sd_lifeExp, 1)),
            hoverinfo = "text")

fig